I Think I Have a Hernia — What Happens Next?

Noticing a bulge in your abdomen or groin can be concerning. Maybe you feel discomfort when lifting, coughing, or exercising. You might be wondering: Is this a hernia? And if it is, what happens next?

If you suspect you have a hernia, you’re not alone. Hernias are common, especially in the abdominal and groin areas. The good news is that most hernias are treatable — and when addressed in a timely fashion, outcomes are typically excellent.

Let’s walk through what to expect.

What Is a Hernia?

A hernia occurs when an internal organ or tissue pushes through a weak spot in the surrounding muscle or connective tissue. This most commonly happens in the abdominal wall.
Common types include:

• Inguinal hernia – Occurs in the groin and is the most common type.
• Umbilical hernia – Appears near the belly button.
• Hiatal hernia – Occurs when part of the stomach pushes through the diaphragm into the chest.
• Incisional hernia – Develops at the site of a previous surgical incision.

Common Symptoms

Some hernias cause obvious symptoms, while others may be mild at first.
You might notice:

• A visible bulge that may flatten when lying down
• Discomfort or pressure, especially when lifting or straining
• A heavy or dragging sensation
• Pain that worsens with activity

In some cases, hernias cause little to no pain — which is why evaluation is important if you notice a new lump.

Step 1: Medical Evaluation

If you think you have a hernia, the next step is a physical examination. In many cases, a healthcare provider can diagnose a hernia simply by examining the area while you stand and cough.

Sometimes imaging such as an ultrasound or CT scan may be ordered, especially if the hernia is small or not clearly visible.

Your provider will determine:

• The type of hernia
• Its size
• Whether it is reducible (can be gently pushed back in)
• Whether there are signs of complications

Step 2: Is It Urgent?

Most hernias are not emergencies — but some can become serious.
Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:

• Sudden severe pain
• Nausea or vomiting
• A bulge that becomes hard, tender, or cannot be pushed back in
• Redness or discoloration over the area

These symptoms could indicate incarceration or strangulation, which require urgent treatment.

Step 3: Do All Hernias Need Surgery?

Not always — but many eventually do.

Small, painless hernias may be monitored for a time. However, hernias do not heal on their own. Over time, they often enlarge and may become more uncomfortable.

Surgery is the only definitive treatment. The goal is to:

• Return the protruding tissue to its proper place
• Strengthen the abdominal wall
• Prevent recurrence

Modern surgical techniques are highly effective, often minimally invasive, and typically allow for a relatively quick recovery.

Step 4: Preparing for Surgery (If Needed)

If surgery is recommended, your provider will discuss:

• Open vs. minimally invasive approaches
• Anesthesia options
• Expected recovery time
• Activity restrictions

Patients in overall good health — especially those addressing a first-time groin or umbilical hernia — often recover quickly and return to normal activity within weeks.

Optimizing your health before surgery (maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding smoking, staying active) can improve outcomes and reduce recurrence risk.

The Bottom Line

If you think you have a hernia, the next step is simple: schedule an evaluation.

Most hernias are very treatable — and the earlier they’re addressed, the easier the process tends to be. Whether monitoring or surgery is recommended, having a clear plan provides peace of mind.

If you’re in the Rockville area, schedule a consultation with Dr. Glenn Sandler today. Our team is here to answer your questions, provide a clear diagnosis, and guide you toward the right treatment plan so you can get back to feeling your best.